General Health Information
New Food Guide Pyramid
Check it out at www.mypyramid.gov
The Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2005, gives science-based advice on food and physical activity choices for health. To see the full 80-page Dietary Guidelines report, click here.
What is a "Healthy Diet"?
The Dietary Guidelines describe a healthy diet as one that
- Emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fat-free or low-fat milk and milk products;
- Includes lean meats, poultry, fish, beans, eggs, and nuts; and
- Is low in saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, salt (sodium), and added sugars.
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Need Information on Drug Use
Check out www.drugabuse.gov
Commonly Abused Drugs |
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Substance:
Category and Name |
Examples of Commercial
and Street Names |
DEA Schedule*/
How Administered** |
Intoxication Effects/Potential Health Consequences |
| Cannabinoids |
euphoria, slowed thinking and reaction time, confusion, impaired balance and coordination/cough, frequent respiratory infections; impaired memory and learning; increased heart rate, anxiety; panic attacks; tolerance, addiction |
| hashish |
boom, chronic, gangster, hash, hash oil, hemp |
I/swallowed, smoked |
| marijuana |
blunt, dope, ganja, grass, herb, joints, Mary Jane, pot, reefer, sinsemilla, skunk, weed |
I/swallowed, smoked |
| Depressants |
reduced anxiety; feeling of well-being; lowered inhibitions; slowed pulse and breathing; lowered blood pressure; poor concentration/fatigue; confusion; impaired coordination, memory, judgment; addiction; respiratory depression and arrest, death
Also, for barbiturates—sedation, drowsiness/depression, unusual excitement, fever, irritability, poor judgment, slurred speech, dizziness, life-threatening withdrawal.
for benzodiazepines—sedation, drowsiness/dizziness
for flunitrazepam—visual and gastrointestinal disturbances, urinary retention, memory loss for the time under the drug's effects
for GHB—drowsiness, nausea/vomiting, headache, loss of consciousness, loss of reflexes, seizures, coma, death
for methaqualone—euphoria/depression, poor reflexes, slurred speech, coma |
| barbiturates |
Amytal, Nembutal, Seconal, Phenobarbital; barbs, reds, red birds, phennies, tooies, yellows, yellow jackets |
II, III, V/injected, swallowed |
| benzodiazepines (other than flunitrazepam) |
Ativan, Halcion, Librium, Valium, Xanax; candy, downers, sleeping pills, tranks |
IV/swallowed, injected |
| flunitrazepam*** |
Rohypnol; forget-me pill, Mexican Valium, R2, Roche, roofies, roofinol, rope, rophies |
IV/swallowed, snorted |
| GHB*** |
gamma-hydroxybutyrate; G, Georgia home boy, grievous bodily harm, liquid ecstasy |
I/swallowed |
| methaqualone |
Quaalude, Sopor, Parest; ludes, mandrex, quad, quay |
I/injected, swallowed |
| Dissociative Anesthetics |
increased heart rate and blood pressure, impaired motor function/memory loss; numbness; nausea/vomiting
Also, for ketamine—at high doses, delirium, depression, respiratory depression and arrest
for PCP and analogs—possible decrease in blood pressure and heart rate, panic, aggression, violence/loss of appetite, depression |
| ketamine |
Ketalar SV; cat Valiums, K, Special K, vitamin K |
III/injected, snorted, smoked |
| PCP and analogs |
phencyclidine; angel dust, boat, hog, love boat, peace pill |
I, II/injected, swallowed, smoked |
| Hallucinogens |
altered states of perception and feeling; nausea; persisting perception disorder (flashbacks)
Also, for LSD and mescaline—increased body temperature, heart rate, blood pressure; loss of appetite, sleeplessness, numbness, weakness, tremors
for LSD —persistent mental disorders
for psilocybin—nervousness, paranoia |
| LSD |
lysergic acid diethylamide; acid, blotter, boomers, cubes, microdot, yellow sunshines |
I/swallowed, absorbed through mouth tissues |
| mescaline |
buttons, cactus, mesc, peyote |
I/swallowed, smoked |
| psilocybin |
magic mushroom, purple passion, shrooms |
I/swallowed |
| Opioids and Morphine Derivatives |
pain relief, euphoria, drowsiness/nausea, constipation, confusion, sedation, respiratory depression and arrest, tolerance, addiction, unconsciousness, coma, death
Also, for codeine—less analgesia, sedation, and respiratory depression than morphine
for heroin—staggering gait |
| codeine |
Empirin with Codeine, Fiorinal with Codeine, Robitussin A-C, Tylenol with Codeine; Captain Cody, Cody, schoolboy; (with glutethimide) doors & fours, loads, pancakes and syrup |
II, III, IV/injected, swallowed |
| fentanyl and fentanyl analogs |
Actiq, Duragesic, Sublimaze; Apache, China girl, China white, dance fever, friend, goodfella, jackpot, murder 8, TNT, Tango and Cash |
I, II/injected, smoked, snorted |
| heroin |
diacetylmorphine; brown sugar, dope, H, horse, junk, skag, skunk, smack, white horse |
I/injected, smoked, snorted |
| morphine |
Roxanol, Duramorph; M, Miss Emma, monkey, white stuff |
II, III/injected, swallowed, smoked |
| opium |
laudanum, paregoric; big O, black stuff, block, gum, hop |
II, III, V/swallowed, smoked |
| oxycodone HCL |
Oxycontin; Oxy, O.C., killer |
II/swallowed, snorted, injected |
| hydrocodone bitartrate, acetaminophen |
Vicodin; vike, Watson-387 |
II/swallowed |
| Stimulants |
increased heart rate, blood pressure, metabolism; feelings of exhilaration, energy, increased mental alertness/rapid or irregular heart beat; reduced appetite, weight loss, heart failure, nervousness, insomnia
Also, for amphetamine—rapid breathing/ tremor, loss of coordination; irritability, anxiousness, restlessness, delirium, panic, paranoia, impulsive behavior, aggressiveness, tolerance, addiction, psychosis
for cocaine—increased temperature/chest pain, respiratory failure, nausea, abdominal pain, strokes, seizures, headaches, malnutrition, panic attacks
for MDMA—mild hallucinogenic effects, increased tactile sensitivity, empathic feelings/impaired memory and learning, hyperthermia, cardiac toxicity, renal failure, liver toxicity
for methamphetamine—aggression, violence, psychotic behavior/memory loss, cardiac and neurological damage; impaired memory and learning, tolerance, addiction
for nicotine—additional effects attributable to tobacco exposure, adverse pregnancy outcomes, chronic lung disease, cardiovascular disease, stroke, cancer, tolerance, addiction |
| amphetamine |
Biphetamine, Dexedrine; bennies, black beauties, crosses, hearts, LA turnaround, speed, truck drivers, uppers |
II/injected, swallowed, smoked, snorted |
| cocaine |
Cocaine hydrochloride; blow, bump, C, candy, Charlie, coke, crack, flake, rock, snow, toot |
II/injected, smoked, snorted |
MDMA (methylenedioxy-
methamphetamine) |
Adam, clarity, ecstasy, Eve, lover's speed, peace, STP, X, XTC |
I/swallowed |
| methamphetamine |
Desoxyn; chalk, crank, crystal, fire, glass, go fast, ice, meth, speed |
II/injected, swallowed, smoked, snorted |
| methylphenidate (safe and effective for treatment of ADHD) |
Ritalin; JIF, MPH, R-ball, Skippy, the smart drug, vitamin R |
II/injected, swallowed, snorted |
| nicotine |
cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco, snuff, spit tobacco, bidis, chew |
not scheduled/smoked, snorted, taken in snuff and spit tobacco |
| Other Compounds |
| anabolic steroids |
Anadrol, Oxandrin, Durabolin, Depo-Testosterone, Equipoise; roids, juice |
III/injected, swallowed, applied to skin |
no intoxication effects/hypertension, blood clotting and cholesterol changes, liver cysts and cancer, kidney cancer, hostility and aggression, acne; in adolescents, premature stoppage of growth; in males, prostate cancer, reduced sperm production, shrunken testicles, breast enlargement; in females, menstrual irregularities, development of beard and other masculine characteristics |
| inhalants |
Solvents (paint thinners, gasoline, glues), gases (butane, propane, aerosol propellants, nitrous oxide), nitrites (isoamyl, isobutyl, cyclohexyl); laughing gas, poppers, snappers, whippets |
not scheduled/inhaled through nose or mouth |
stimulation, loss of inhibition; headache; nausea or vomiting; slurred speech, loss of motor coordination; wheezing/unconsciousness, cramps, weight loss, muscle weakness, depression, memory impairment, damage to cardiovascular and nervous systems, sudden death |
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